On
Friday, April 17, the City published a draft COVID-19 Safety Policy for
Construction. These are new requirements designed to make job sites safer
for workers and communities that are expected to be implemented by Monday,
April 27.
The
requirements offer guidelines for performing construction work for the “new”
normal. Essential work in Boston
includes “small residential construction projects in dwellings of 3 units or
less (for example, kitchen or bathroom remodeling)” which means that you
may be returning to work.
In
addition to following the protocols, how can you, as a company, protect
yourself legally as new COVID-related issues arise? One way is by including an addendum to current
contracts and adding clauses in new contracts that anticipate possible
scenarios and how they should be addressed.
State
the following: This is an Addendum to
the existing Construction Agreement dated XX/XX/XXXX. It is incorporated herein. Then I would have everyone initial it.
To
work or not to work? Since this crisis
began, contractors have had to face the question of whether to continue
working. Some wanted to shut down to
protect their workers, and others wanted to keep working to keep business on
track. In either scenario, there are
liability concerns.
Force
Majeure
Does
your contract contain a provision that would allow you to stop working in the
event of a pandemic? It might.
Some
of you have one already, but it can be expanded. If you have ever
wondered what “force majeure” means, it refers to natural disasters or Acts of
God. I would add the following:
Contractor
reserves the right to suspend or cancel projects in the event of a pandemic,
natural disaster, government orders or other force majeure events in order to
protect the health and safety of its workers and
customers. Contractor will make every effort to resume its projects
once, in Contractor’s discretion, it has been deemed safe to undertake its
regular business operations.
If you
prefer, you can also give your customers the same right to suspend or cancel.
Delay
Many
of you have “no damages for delay” in your contracts. If you don’t,
you should. In addition, we can now spell out that a pandemic is one
of the circumstances that would prevent damages for delay:
In no event will
Builder be liable to Owners or any other party for any special, incidental,
delay, emotional distress or consequential damages arising from this
Contract. Builder shall not be liable to Owners for any damages
resulting from coronavirus or other force majeure policies enacted by Builder
that cause delays in current projects or in the commencement of new projects.
Social
Distancing
What
if you want to keep working? If you are
in an unoccupied building, the Owner should not be allowed to come on site
without notifying the contractor so appropriate social distancing measures can
be taken.
Owner agrees that
he will not enter the Work Area while the work is being performed without the
permission of Contractor. Owner shall
not enter the designated work area without express authorization from, or
without being escorted by, Contractor or Contractor’s representative. If Owner
encroaches upon the worksite, he will sign an acknowledgment that he entered
the work area without Contractor consent.
It is the responsibility of the Owner to prevent household members,
other workers, children, visitors, pets, and others from entering the work
containment area, especially after hours when Contractor is not present at job
site.
Indemnification
If
you are working in an occupied structure, liability issues are even more
concerning. What if the Owner accuses
you of exposing him to the virus?
Alternatively, what if one of your workers gets sick from exposure to
the Owners or their family?
I
have been told that home insurance policies do not provide coverage for
pandemics. So, you may agree to sign
reciprocal “hold harmless” provisions that state that no one is liable for
transmission of the virus:
To
the fullest extent permitted by law, the Owner shall indemnify and hold
harmless the Builder, its agents, subcontractors and employees, from and
against any and all claims, damages, losses and expenses including but not
limited to attorneys’ fees, by Owner, Owner’s household members or Owner’s
representatives, arising out of or resulting from exposure to COVID-19 or any
other communicable illness. This
indemnification obligation shall not be limited by a limitation on amount or
type of damages, compensation or benefits payable by or for the Owner under any
insurance policies held by Owner.
To the fullest extent
permitted by law, the Builder shall indemnify and hold harmless the Owner,
Owners’ representative, anyone directly or indirectly employed by them or anyone
for whose acts they may be liable, from and against any and all claims,
damages, losses and expenses, including but not limited to attorneys’ fees, by
the Builder, its agents, subcontractors and employees, arising out of or
resulting from exposure to COVID-19 or any other communicable illness. This indemnification obligation shall
not be limited by a limitation on amount or type of damages, compensation or
benefits payable by or for the Builder under workers’ compensation acts,
disability benefit acts or other employee benefit acts.
Or, more simply, each party can waive his/her right to sue the other: "The parties waive all claims for transmission of
COVID-19 against each other."
Check with your worker’s compensation insurance about coverage if
a worker or subcontractor claims the disease is contracted during work. Also check your liability coverage for
pandemic-related issues. Find out if business interruption insurance will cover coronavirus interference with projects.
Subcontractor Contracts
Builders will want reciprocal indemnification clauses with their
subcontractors as well. No one wants to
be held liable for transmission of the disease.
Indemnification
To
the fullest extent permitted by law, the Subcontractor shall indemnify and hold
harmless the Builder, its agents, subcontractors and employees, from and
against any and all claims, damages, losses and expenses including but not
limited to attorneys’ fees, by Subcontractor, Subcontractor’s representatives
or employees, arising out of or resulting from exposure to COVID-19 or any
other communicable illness. This
indemnification obligation shall not be limited by a limitation on amount or
type of damages, compensation or benefits payable by or for the Subcontractor
under any insurance policies held by Subcontractor.
To the fullest extent
permitted by law, the Builder shall indemnify and hold harmless the Subcontractor,
Subcontractors’ representatives, anyone directly or indirectly employed by them
or anyone for whose acts they may be liable, from and against any and all
claims, damages, losses and expenses, including but not limited to attorneys’
fees, by the Builder, its agents and employees, arising out of or resulting
from exposure to COVID-19 or any other communicable illness. This indemnification obligation shall
not be limited by a limitation on amount or type of damages, compensation or
benefits payable by or for the Builder under any insurance policies held by Builder.
What about new safety
policies required due to COVID-19?
Safety
Subcontractor
agrees to be responsible for maintaining all COVID-19 related safety practices
on the jobsite and, specifically, for his/her trade in compliance with any
applicable building code or other regulations.
Subcontractor warrants and represents that he is familiar with and will
comply with all state and city COVID-19 regulations.
Please let me know if
you have any additional ideas, questions or concerns.
Sincerely,
Andrea